Review Outer Experience - 1227 Words

Maha Algarni PUAD 520 Professor Burroughs 30 October 2015 Administrative Journal #1 Outer Experience In many organizations, the organizational structure becomes a bureaucracy which involves its own challenges and problems. The outlook on the issue of power in American organizations is ambivalent due to the need of a leader to be a good politician while also seeing politics as detrimental to efficiency (Pfeffer 33). Most respondents agree that workplace politics is common in most organizations, that successful executives must be good politicians, and that the higher up the ladder – the more political the climate becomes (Pfeffer 34). Pfeffer notes that power and influence can be acquired and exercised for evil purposes, but few people†¦show more content†¦Wamsley and Zald devote their article to a public administration theory using the political economy approach. The authors treat organizations as social systems - dynamic, adapting, and internally differentiated (63). The political economy approach examines legitimacy and distribution of power as they affect the propriety of an agency’s existence, its functional niche, its collective goals, and the means of task accomplishment in some cases (64). The authors argue that the power resources of actors, their willingness or ability to use them, and their skill in building coalitions are important factors in political economy. Wamsley and Zald also identify dimensions of political capacity to manipulate such as: 1) goals, ambiguity, and clarity; 2) surveillance; 3) centrality of values; 4) personnel and funding allocation; and 5) support structures and feedback loops (65-66). Reflection on Outer Experience Distribution and the use of power in organizations is an important issue since the very early existence of bureaucracy. Managers use various sources of power at their disposal to lead, motivate, and control the work of their subordinates such as legitimate, reward, coercive, and referent powers. Most of organizations are based on the hierarchy and chain of command where the title of the leader reflects the status within the organization. Based on the hierarchal status, the leader is able to exert more power on the subordinates. Legitimate

The Gothic Setting Of Miss Emily - 1307 Words

The Gothic Setting of Miss Emily The story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† written by William Faulkner in 1930, shows the gothic elements of how isolation influences the mind. The main character is Emily Grierson whose mental state of mind focuses on her home and town. There is a dark setting in this story that highlights the impact of how isolation prohibits one from being mentally healthy. Miss Emily s home appearance is desolate, rugged, and dingy which demonstrates her mindset. Similar to today’s society, Miss Emily is resistant to change and stuck in tradition. The setting of isolation resulted in Miss Emily’s thinking of being privileged, causing her to fail in seeking a normal life with love and affection. The location of the town, where Miss Emily lives, is located in the South which leads the reader to believe this was the era in which men dominated with strict and headstrong mentalities. The Civil War has just ended, and the South was defeated. The location of Miss Emily’s home is not too far from the cemetery occupied by the fallen Confederate and Union Soldiers, who took part in the battle of Jefferson. Miss Emily and her father appear important, possibly upper-class, and during the war their home may have housed some of the Confederate Soldiers. The narrator says â€Å"Colonel Sartoris invented an involved tale to the effect that Miss Emily’s father had loaned money to the town, which the town, as a matter of business preferred this way of repaying† (pg. 1). The Grierson’sShow MoreRelatedCharacteristics Of Southern Gothic Literature1694 Words   |  7 PagesJordan Cole English 1102 Professor Myszkowski 1 December 2017 Southern Gothic Literature Throughout the course of history, literature has gone through considerable changes. Dating back to its humble beginnings in folklore, fables, and storytelling all the way up to the scientific books and dramatic novels of today. Literature is arguably the centerpiece of all mankind. It is useful for record keeping, education, and bringing cultures and societies together. It has allowed us to expand our mindsRead MoreWilliam Faulkner s A Rose For Emily1181 Words   |  5 PagesRose for Emily iconic American literature? Faulkner uses setting, theme and plot to show the ways â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is an iconic American literature. Faulkner saw the Forum magazine with his short story he wrote, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† and found out that was his first national publication. The Mississippi Writers Page says, â€Å"The man himself never stood taller than five feet, six inches tall, but in the realm of American literature, William Faulkner is a giant† (MWP). In â€Å"A Rose for Emily† the settingRead MoreGothic Literature : The Southern Gothic Fiction1476 Words   |  6 Pagesmorbidly dark and eccentric characters combined with southern charm and the ever-present gender divide to tell stories that represent a writing style known as southern gothic literature. â€Å"Southern Gothic is a subgenre of Gothic fiction unique to American literature that takes place exclusively in the American South. Elements of a Gothic treatment of the South were apparent in the 19th century, ante- and post-bellum, in the grotesques of Henry Clay Lewis and the de-idealized visions of Mark Twain.[3]Read MoreEssay about A Rose For Emily1037 Words   |  5 PagesPlot summary A Rose for Emily is a short story divided into five sections: Section one opens with a description of the Grierson home and its setting in Jefferson. The narrator mentions that over the past 25 years Miss Emily’s home has fallen into despair and become an eyesore among eyesores. The first sentence of the story sets the tone of how the citizens of Jefferson felt about Emily: When Miss Emily Grierson died, our whole town went to the funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affectionRead MoreA Rose for Emily and the Feather Pillow1375 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 11 17 May 2010 A Rose for Emily The Fetter Pillow Essay Hocus pocus in a dark castle, black cats over the graveyards, and two men writing gothic literature. Characteristics of gothic literature include ruined sinister buildings, dungeons, underground passages, crypts, and catacombs which in modern houses become spooky basements or attics. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner and â€Å"The Feather Pillow† by Horacio Quiroga, the authors use spooky setting, fantastic plot, grotesque charactersRead MoreUses of the Conventions of the Gothic Story in The Yellow Wallpaper and A Rose for Emily1467 Words   |  6 Pages In the eighteenth century, Gothic story was an extremely popular form of literature, and it has been a major genre since then. The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner are both Gothic horror stories consisting madness and suspense. The Gothic horror story carries particular conventions in its setting, theme, point of view, and characterisation. Both Gilman and Faulkner follow the conventions of the Gothic horror story to create feelings of gloomRead MoreGothic Fiction : A Rose For Emily And The Fall Of The House Of Usher1313 Words   |  6 PagesThis type of atmosphere is known as gothic fiction which appears in gothic novels. According to the dictionary, gothic fiction is† a genre of fiction characterized by mystery and supernatural horror, often set in a dark castle or other medieval settings.† In the short stories â€Å"A Rose for Emily† and â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† there are elements of gothic fiction in the characters and setting. The components of gothic fiction in the stories include gloomy settings, decaying mansions, an atmosphereRead MoreWilliam Faulkner s A Rose For Emily1143 Words   |  5 Pagescom). â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is one of him major works. The setting in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† has three main effects on the plot: traditions in the south, gothic aspects of d eath, and Emily’s refusal to adapt to change, leaving her an unsatisfied and lonely life. In the South their tradition was to socialize with people of high social class. If they were in a lower class they was look down upon and if they was seen associating with someone of lower class they was beneath them. Emily is a representationRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1182 Words   |  5 PagesThe short, gothic story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is written by William Faulkner. The barbaric tale began with its ending, which is the death of the main character Emily Grierson. Miss Emily lived most of her life in a mysterious manner, which caused the people in town to reach a level of curiosity to learn more about this exceptional individual. Without any doubts, Faulkner story would not have been so significant if it weren’t for the countless usage of literary elements. Faulkner used foreshadowingRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner976 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"A Rose for Emily† fits into the genre of Southern Gothic literature is obvious in the mood of the story. The mood of this story has a rather volatile, grim setting with the house that is deteriorating and the festering body. This exhibits the struggle that the character Miss Emily is facing against a society that is rather oppressive. From staying the same for years, to avoiding modern amenities, Miss Emily could be assumed to represent tradition. The story even states, â€Å"Miss Emily had been a tradition

The Solution For Pollution Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Solution For Pollution Essay, Research Paper Society as a whole faces many environmental jobs, and as a consequence, environmental consciousness tends to be a urgent issue. Everyday, people recycle tins, glass bottles, and newspapers. Many people buy bottled H2O, or ain filters for their tap H2O, as a wellness safeguard from the pollutants in normal mundane imbibing H2O. Everyone seems to be concerned with issues such as, littering, and what is traveling to go on when there are no more land fills. Some people are even speaking about the debut of the electric auto sometime in the close hereafter. Air pollution is possibly the biggest environmental issue the Earth is confronting. Cars are responsible for a noteworthy sum of the air pollution job. Of class, on the other manus so are mills. If the battle against air pollution were to be taken to a higher degree, seting force per unit area on mills that produce air pollution will hold a greater consequence than concentrating on cars. The solution for jobs caused by cars can merely be taken to the degree of taking vehicles off the route that cause inordinate pollution. A run to advance car-pooling, and the usage of public transit could be started up, but those types of publicities do non acquire adequate support. Clearly, mills should be targeted for the best consequences. The environmental policies that the authorities regulates for mills or other companies who produce air pollution must be made stricter. Factories are doing tremendous sums of air pollution, the air in most metropolitan countries is filled with pollutants, and go throughing Torahs that are more purely enforced could hold a positive consequence on the state of affairs. Air pollution can be merely defined as all the substances that are exhausted into the ambiance that do non usually do up the air. ( Sorvall 17 ) These substances are following divided into two basic classs: aerosols and unwanted gases. ( Sorvall 18 ) Aerosols are bantam spots of solid affair that can be visibly drifting about in the air, such as the atoms that are released when utilizing a can of hairspray or firing foliages in an unfastened fire. The consequences of this pollution can be seen on mirrors or Windowss, giving them a gluey texture and a smudged visual aspect. Unwanted gases, on the other manus, are normally unseeable ; nevertheless, they are the most unsafe to the air. There are legion types of these pollutants in the air, but C monoxide, S dioxide, hydrocarbons, and N oxides are, by far, the most common. Such atoms are expelled daily by laxly controlled mills through the uninterrupted outpour of fume. The primary procedure that creates air pollution is oxidization, which is merely defined as combustion. ( Sorvall 18 ) This procedure has been traveling on for centuries, get downing when adult male foremost became cognizant of a really utile cookery tool, what is now known as fire. Until late, pollution from fires was apparently undistinguished because fires were antecedently used merely in families and could be easy dispersed. However, as engineering advanced, major industries developed and began to utilize fires as a beginning of energy for power workss and the disposal of refuse. This major addition in the use of the oxidization procedure and the deficiency of cognition of the jeopardies involved, contaminations in the air, as a consequence of mills inordinate use, has become a major environmental quandary. Though air pollution in some signifier has been around since the find of fire, it has merely late become known to be a major job. Air pollution has long been a factor with the issue of protecting the environment. For illustration, in the 19th century, people in London, England complained about the foggy conditions that was created by the fume from firing coals in the places of people, every bit good as topographic points of concern. ( Sproull 18 ) In December of 1952, the worst air pollution catastrophe of all time recorded besides occurred in London. Nicknamed the slayer smog, this catastrophe occurred because of a temperature inversion, which is when warmer temperatures get hotter as they get farther from the Earth s surface instead than cooer as they normally do. In this peculiar event, a cool forepart besides moved in below the warm air, which caused more people than usual to fire coal, which is high in S. Because of the warm air that had risen, the fume from the hearths had nowh ere to lift and was being pushed back down. This twine of events produced the slayer smog which led to the deceases of more than four 1000 people. Because of this one horrific event, scientists became more cognizant of the effects that air pollution can hold on a population, which has led to more in-depth surveies. The same type of pollution, though in much more utmost instances, can be seen in metropoliss today. The modern name for the foggy conditions that these people were seeing is now referred to as smog. It is composed of chiefly land degree ozone, which is caused by toxins in the air. ( EPA 2 ) Ground-level ozone is produced by the combination of pollutants from many beginnings, including smokestacks, autos, pigments, and dissolvers. ( EPA 2 ) These toxins are released chiefly through the exhaust systems of cars and from mills. There are two chief causes of air pollution: cars and mills. The unsafe effects that these two cause can be chiefly attributed to combustion, or more specifically, oxidization. When a substance is burned, it releases harmful by merchandises that are emitted into the air and thereby become pollutants. The greater bulk of citizens drive cars, and they are critical in mundane life for the intent of transit. With the impossible sum of cars being driven mundane, the pollution caused is highly detrimental. Air toxins from cars escape when gas is pumped into the auto in the signifier of vaporization and are emitted from the tailpipes when the auto burns the gasolene through the procedure of burning. Cars were antecedently fueled by crude oil merchandises that contained lead, which emitted hydrocarbons and fume into the ambiance. However, with the innovation of leadless gasolene, many of these emanations have been eliminated, but fume is still a job with older theoretical account autos. The debut of stricter criterions for emanation proving sites has besides significantly decreased the sum of pollutants that are being emitted from cars. Factories, on the other manus, are still bring forthing important sums of contaminations that are systematically being released into the air. This is due, non merely to the neglect of the chief criterions that the authorities has set for these industries, but besides the deficiency of governmental bureaus to supervise the actions of pollution within these industries. Factories everyplace are doing a serious sum of pollution in the air. Although efforts have been made in the yesteryear to make something about this, more still needs to be done. There are many types of companies that fall into the class being targeted. Pollution controls on power workss will assist acquire rid of particulates in the air ( EPA 2 ) . A premier illustration of a company that must be closely monitered would be the oil refineries, which release fume that is filled with malignant neoplastic disease doing agents. By filtrating the toxins that are being produced at these refineries, the air qualities environing these refineries would be greatly improved and to see that these qualities will stay integral, the air shoul vitamin D be often and on a regular basis monitored, by such bureaus as the Chemical Safety Board and the Environmental Protection Agency. Oil refineries are of class non the lone industries at mistake, unluckily they are merely one of a figure of industries that are fouling the air. The easy reply would be to merely close down any mill that was found to be fouling the air. Obviously, nil is that simple and straightforward. These mills are supplying goods and services that are critical to the being of modern society, whether or non the by merchandises of such mills emit harmful pollutants into the air. The reply is non to close those companies down, but to make more effectual criterions and ordinances for these mills to follow. The sum of toxins being released into the air must be purely monitored, and if possible, new, cleaner methods by which to fabricate the merchandises must be explored. The accent of new policies should be placed chiefly on mills, while non wholly disregarding the effects of cars. Industrial air pollution is the greatest menace to air quality in the United States. ( Sorvall 34 ) The authorities needs to reexamine the present twenty-four hours ordinances on mills that cause air pollution caused by industry. This, of class will hold to be done in a mode that will non upset the present resources that are available to the citizens. The merchandises that are produced by these mills will still be needed to some extent, whether the procedure by which they are produced is revised or there is a permutation found. Factories will be required to run into certain criterions and will be inspected to see that these criterions are being met. Surveies will be conducted biannually to find how much pollution is being created and what the consequence have had on the environing community. If a company wishes to increase the sums of toxins coming out of an operating work s, the company may take to countervail the additions so that the entire risky air pollution released from a works does non travel up. Otherwise, they may take to put in pollution controls to maintain the pollutants at the needed degree. It will so be decided how much can be tolerated under these new ordinances, and companies will be required to run into those specifications within a 10 twelvemonth period. This grace period will be given to see that the research that has been conducted is accurate and will besides let the concerns to integrate the new criterions into their regular concern without any undue adversity. Though some concerns may be forced to close down their operations, the negative effects that these closings will hold on the economic system for a comparatively short span of clip will in no manner outweigh the positive effects that the closings will hold on the environment, and the wellness of humanity in general. Surveies that have estimated the benefits of air polluti on control plans in North American and Western European states indicate that when pecuniary values for decreases in wellness effects are considered, the benefits of air pollution control plans have been successful. ( Chestnut 3 ) Besides conveying decease to the environment, air pollution can besides do decease to human existences, as was antecedently stated in the instance of the slayer smog. More than two twelve community wellness surveies since 1987 have linked air pollution to decreases in lung maps, increased infirmary and exigency room admittances, and premature deceases. Peoples who have respiratory diseases, like asthma and bronchitis, suffer more where air pollution is up. ( Sorvall 44 ) Asthma onslaughts, inflamed lungs, and exasperation of respiratory jobs can all be caused by the effects that air pollution has on the ozone. Metropolitan countries surely experience the worst of the effects of contaminated air. A bulk of mills surround the metropolis and the fumes from the concentration of a big sum of cars in such a confined country promote wellness jobs at their highest degree. Levels of air pollution are lifting in metropoliss that are seeing rapid population and economic growing. ( Chestnut 1 ) Citizens of larger metropoliss are at a higher hazard of developing certain types of malignant neoplastic disease that are caused by the toxins created by these cars and mills. Recently two major surveies ( by the American Cancer Society and Harvard University ) were published that showed that people populating in more contaminated metropoliss had an increased opportunity of premature decease compared to those who live in cleaner metropoliss. An estimated 64 1000 premature deceases from cardiorespiratory causes may be attributable to aerate pollution each twelvemonth. The aged and those with bosom and lung disease have shown to be at the greatest hazard of premature mortality due to air pollution. With tougher criterions imposed on mills and cars, there will be a significant betterment on the wellness of several people who are presently being exposed to such jeopardies, but at that place will still be countries that were antecedently exposed and will necessitate to be cleaned. Altho ugh there will be a enormous cut in the outgos on wellness attention due to the control of air pollution, the cost of cleaning bing countries will enforce a cost on society. While there are no exact estimations of the cost of clean up, there are many practical, cost-efficient steps that can be taken to cut down the emanations of air pollutants, including the acceptance of energy preservation steps and exchanging to natural gas. Many bing Clean Air Act plans, such as the acerb rain plan, and the ground-level ozone smog plans, if decently implemented, will make much to cut down the concentration of all right atoms by commanding the pollutants. Decreases in S dioxide, the largest subscriber to pollution in the East seashore of the United States, have proven to be far less expensive than anticipated. The monetary value of S dioxide emanations allowances has fallen to 68 dollars per ton compared to the three hundred to seven 100s and 50 dollars per ton that was expected. ( EPA 7 ) These figures give a hopeful mentality that the air pollution job can discontinue to be in the terrible signifier that it now does, and with the support of non merely governmental b ureaus and non-profit organisations, but besides the aid of mundane citizens, the job can be overcome in no clip. The air that people breath mundane is critical to the really being of non lone civilisation, but besides the full Earth ; hence, taking attention of it should be a precedence to everyone that inhabits it. A committedness needs to be made by all. It is non necessary for everyone to be extremist dissenters against mills and car makers, but if everyone were to acquire involved, even in the slightest manner, such as carpooling to work, the air that is inhaled by all as a affair of endurance would be progressively cleaner. The air pollution created by these mills is unsafe to the environment and to the wellness of people everyplace. Industrial air pollution is the greatest menace to air quality in the United States. ( Sorvall 76 ) The mills themselves must non be treated as felons in this affair ; their purpose is non to harm the environment, but to supply a merchandise. They must be treated every bit reasonably as possible, while still carry throughing the end of cleaner air. Although this will be a long procedure, the terminal consequence of cleaner air and a cleaner environment will turn out to be good worth the clip, money and attempt spent.